Test Bank For Introduction To Criminology Why Do They Do 2nd edition by Pamela J. Schram

1. The emphasis on science in criminology started in the _________ and provided a basis for what continues today.

a. mid 1700’s

*b. mid 1800’s

c. mid 1900’s

d. beginning of the 21st century

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2. Scientists and academics became aware that the Classical School and deterrence framework was not explaining what?

a. what could stop individuals from committing crime

b. what individuals or groups tended to offend more than others

c. why individuals committed crime

*d. the distribution of crime

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3. ____________ is the perspective that assumes individuals have no free will to control their behavior.

a. Classical School

*b. Positive School

c. Evolutionary theory

d. Neoclassical School

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4. Several perspectives were created in the mid 1800s that were focused on determining which individuals or groups are most likely to commit crime. These perspectives were likely developed in relation to __________.

a. women’s rights

b. class relationships

*c. slavery

d. prisoner rights

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5. Later studies of craniometry revealed _________ between size of the skull/brain and certain behaviors or personality traits.

*a. a small correlation

b. a large correlation

c. no correlation

d. an unknown correlation

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6. The science of determining human disposition based on distinctions (bumps) in the skull.

a. craniometry

*b. phrenology

c. atavism

d. physiognomy

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7. Darwin’s theory laid the groundwork for what major scientific theory of crime?

a. rational choice

b. craniometry

c. routine activities

*d. born criminals

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8. Modern scientific studies show that perhaps the most vital part of the brain in terms of criminality regarding trauma is the ____________.

a. occipital lobe

b. right temporal lobe

*c. left temporal lobe

d. frontal lobe

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9. ____________’s work was regarded as the first attempt toward a scientific theory in criminological thought.

a. Binet

b. Goddard

*c. Lombroso

d. Sheldon

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10. The manifestation of more than ____ stigmata indicated that an individual is atavistic and thus a born criminal.

a. 3

*b. 5

c. 7

d. 10

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