Test Bank For Introduction to Geospatial Technologies 3rd Edition By Shellito

(Chapter 3 Test Bank Questions)

Multiple Choice:

1. Which method is used to change data from one map projection to another?

1. Georeferencing
2. Scaling
3. Defining projections
4. Reprojecting

1. Which method is used to align an unreferenced dataset with one that has spatial reference information?
   1. Scaling
   2. Reprojecting
   3. Georeferencing
   4. Defining projections

1. Which of the following describes the use of a real-world coordinate system for identifying locations?
   1. Spatial reference
   2. Spatial analysis
   3. Spatial scaling
   4. Spatial projection

1. Control points are best described as
   1. areas on the map where the projection can easily change.
   2. points on the map that do not have spatial reference.
   3. points in the data that share the same datum, no matter how the datasets are altered.
   4. common locations used in aligning two datasets.

1. Which of the following would be the best location for a control point?
   1. The corner of a building
   2. The center of a landscaping display
   3. A location on a shoreline at low tide
   4. A location of a car on the roof of a parking garage

1. Which of the following would be the least desirable location for a control point?
   1. A cleared area in a construction zone
   2. The intersection of two streams
   3. The crossing of two roads
   4. The location where a driveway meets a street

1. Which of the following indicates the best transformation of the data has taken place?
   1. A negative value for RMSE
   2. The lowest possible value for RMSE
   3. The highest possible value for RMSE
   4. An RMSE value of exactly (or as close as possible) to 1

1. Calculating new locations and new pixel values for an image refers to
   1. skewing.
   2. translation.
   3. affining.
   4. resampling.

Short Answer / Essay

1. What are the four ways that the affine transformation may alter a dataset to match it up with another dataset?

The affine transformation will change the coordinates (and projection) of one dataset to match up with the coordinates (and projection of a second). It can do this by rotating (turning), skewing (slanting), scaling (altering the scale of the dataset), and translating (altering the placement of the dataset) the data.

1. Why would georeferencing be with real-world data (and give an example of this)?

Georeferencing can be used to take datasets that do not have spatial reference and apply this spatial reference to them by aligning the data with referenced datasets. If data does not have a spatial reference (such as a set of plans or a hand-drawn scale diagram), it cannot be used in conjunction with other data layers in other forms of geospatial technology (for instance, it will not match with other data in a GIS, or will not properly align with a remotely sensed image). An example of this would be to take historic maps of an area and georeference them with current maps to see how areas have altered or changed over time.