Test Bank For Medical Surgical Nursing An Integrated Approach 3rd Edition by Lois White
CHAPTER NO 5
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1.The definition of inflammation is the:
a.
specific response to cellular injury
b.
nonspecific cellular response to tissue injury
c.
complex progression of tissue changes in response to injury
d.
invasion and multiplication of pathogenic microorganisms in body tissue
ANS: B
Inflammation is a nonspecific cellular response to tissue injury. Tissue injury caused by bacteria, trauma, chemicals, heat, or any other occurrence releases substances, produces dramatic secondary changes in the injured tissue.
PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension REF: White (2013)
2.What produces the characteristic redness and warmth associated with Stage 2 of the inflammatory response?
a.
release of chemicals (histamine, bradykinin, serotonin, prostaglandins, lymphokines)
b.
increased blood flow to the area
c.
plasma leaking into damaged tissue
d.
leukocytes infiltrating damaged tissue
ANS: B
In Stage 2 of the Inflammatory Process, blood flow increases to the injured area causing the characteristic redness and warmth.
PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension REF: White (2013)
3.What is typically ordered by a physician, for an area of inflammation, for 24-72 hours to control the inflammation, especially when pain and edema are present?
a.
compression
c.
dry heat
b.
warm, moist heat
d.
cold (ice)
ANS: B
Heat, cold, or both may be applied to an inflamed area and need an order. Typically, physicians order cold (ice) on the affected area for 24-72 hours to control the inflammation, especially when pain and edema are present. After that time, heat is ordered to assist in quickly removing the accumulated waste products.
PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension REF: White (2013)
4.Various agents are capable of causing disease. Heat is which type of agent?
a.
biological
c.
chemical
b.
physical
d.
environmental
ANS: B
Physical agents are factors in the environment that are capable of causing disease, such as heat, light, noise, and radiation.
PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension REF: White (2013)
5.Which of the following is a common bacterial infection?
a.
measles
c.
common cold
b.
urinary tract infection
d.
chickenpox
ANS: B
Common bacterial infections include diarrhea, pneumonia, sinusitis, urinary tract infections, cellulitis, meningitis, gonorrhea, otitis media, and impetigo. Common viral infections include influenza, measles, common cold, chickenpox, hepatitis B, genital herpes, and HIV.
PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension REF: White (2013)
6.Sexually transmitted diseases are transmitted by which type of contact?
a.
vector borne
c.
vehicle
b.
airborne
d.
direct contact
ANS: D
The most important and frequent mode of transmission is contact transmission. This involves the transfer of an agent from an infected person to a host by direct contact with the infected person, indirect contact with the infected person through a fomite, or close contact with contaminated secretions. Sexually transmitted diseases are spread by direct contact.
PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension REF: White (2013)
7.Lyme disease is spread by which type of transmission?
a.
direct contact
c.
vehicle
b.
airborne
d.
vector-borne
ANS: D
Vector-borne transmission occurs when an agent is transferred to a susceptible host by animate means such as mosquitoes, fleas, ticks, lice, and other animals. Lyme disease, malaria, and West Nile virus are examples of diseases spread by vectors.
PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension REF: White (2013)
8.A mother spreading HIV to a fetus is through which portal of entry?
a.
integumentary
c.
circulatory
b.
genitourinary
d.
transplacental
ANS: D
A portal of entry is the route by which an infectious agent enters the host. A transplacental portal of entry is the transfer of microorganisms from mother to fetus via the placenta and umbilical cord (including HIV, and hepatitis B).
PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension REF: White (2013)
9.Which of these statements are true?
a.
As a person ages, immunity increases.
b.
Individuals who are not fully immunized are the same risk for infection.
c.
Lifestyle practices do not have an impact on an individual’s potential for illness.
d.
Individuals who maintain targeted weight for height and body frame are less prone to illness.
ANS: D
Nutritional status does affect one’s susceptibility and severity of infection. Individuals who maintain the targeted weight for height and body frame are less prone to illness.
PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension REF: White (2013)
10.The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommend which age group to receive the pneumococcal vaccine each year?
a.
children under age 1
c.
college age young adults
b.
individuals 65 and older
d.
elderly over 80
ANS: B
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2010b) recommends that individuals 65 years of age and older receive the Influenza (flu) vaccine annually, the Pneumococcal vaccine, Tetanus (lockjaw), Herpes Zoster (shingles), and Diphtheria vaccine.
PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension REF: White (2013)
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